Knitted fabric



are employed.

Patenten! Sept. 3, 1935 UNITED STATES Vincent Lombardi, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Lombard! Knitting Machine 00. Inc., New Y0l'k, N. Y., 11 corporation of NewYork Application May 15, 1931, Serial No. 537,605

5 Claims.

Ths invention relates to kntted fabrics and has for an object the provision in a knitted fabric of certain novel pattern effects of particular importance when yams of diierent colors or sizes These novel pattern eiects may possess widely different forms as will be ezkemplified later and involve variations in the locations the usual connecting portions of the yain between loops in adjacent wales of the fabric. 'I'hus a connector for adjacent wales in one row may be carried in the front of the fabric for one or more subsequently knitted rows where it is then passed behind the fabric for one or more wales and. then subsequently forming loops in the row in which the yarn was previously located.

For a better understanding of this invention reerence is made to the following detailed descripton taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 illustrates a form of this invention in a portion of a, knitted fabrlc in which holes of various sizes appear in the fabric;

Fig. 2 illustrat9s another poiton of the knitted fabric embodying another form of this inventon in which certan yarn connectors between adjacent rows are removed to adifferent portion of the fabric but without the formation of gaps in the fabric as in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 illustrates the use of this invention in a portion of the knitted fabric of the interlock type. It is to be understood that the three figures of the drawing may represent different portions of the Same fabric if all specified pattem eiects are desred in one fabric. The front of the fabric is shown in each figure and the knitting progresses from the bottom of each figure to the top.

The abric of Fig. 1 is of the regular so called jersey type of fabric in which the yarn is knitted. in a plurality of rows and wales except where the pattern eiects of. this invention are employed. Certain of the wales are consecutively numbered I to I5 while certain of the rows are consecutively numbered 20 to 26. As a preliminary explanatlon, it will be noted that the short portions of the yarns between the wales will be termed connectors herein. Thus the portion of yarn I'I between wales I4 and I5 is a connector as well as portion I6 to the left of wale I. We shall first consider yarn which forms loops in wales I and 2. After wale 2, the yarn 30 instead of passing directly over te wale 3 to form a connection to tie these two wales together in row 23 as in the usual knitting, the said yarn after passing under the top of the loop in wale 2 row 22 comes to the front of the fabrc and extends along parallel to the wales of subsequentlyormed rows and on top of a, connector between wales I and 2 until it reaches row 24 where it passes behind the loops in wales 2 and 3 row 24. Yam 30 then reappears in front of the fabric and extends in front of a connector between wales 3 and 4 until row 22 ig-reachecl again, whereupon it forms a loop in wale 3 and subsequent'wales. The absence of the connector between the loops in wales 2 and 3 causes the loops to spread apart to form an oval shaped opening A in the fabric. No yarns extend across the opening nor is there unknitted yarn lying around the edge of the opening to mar the effect. Such en opening may be simllarly made in any other porton of the fabrig to give a desired pattern effect. It will be noted that yarn 30 in eiect doubles back on itself when it appears between wales I and 2, after formng a loop in row 23. Between. wales 6 and 'I three connectors are missing resultng in a longeropenng B but of the same wdth as lust desc1ibed. Yam 3I alter forming a, loop in wale 6 passs under the top of the loop in wale 6 row 2I and. then extends along the front of the fabric parallel to wale 6 until it passes behind the loops in wales 6 and 'I row 25. Yarn 3I then returns on the front of the abric until it reaches row 22, whereupon lt forms a loop in wale 1 and subsequent wales. It should be notecl that yarn 3I, as in opening A, after forming a loop in row 22 doubles back on itself and appears along the connectors between wales 5 and 6 instead of appearing along the right side of wale 6 where its presence would detract from the finished appearance of opening B. Yarn 30 also fails to act as a connector between wales 6. and 1 but follows yam 3I in the front of the fabric, then behind loops in wales 6 and 'I row 25, and then along the front of the fabrlc again until it forms a loop in wale I and subsequent wales. It will be also apparent that yarn 32 follows a path corresponding to yarns 30 and 3I. Yarns 30, 3I and 32 therefore fail to provide connectors between wales 6 and 'I in the usual manner so that an elongated opening in the fabrc results at that poir1t, but the opening is not one which will cause the abric to unravel or which will decrease the strength of the fabric.

In opening B the yarns 30, 3I, and. 32 ormed the regular number of loops in the wales adjacent thereto. so that the opening is not due to the absence of any loops. In opening C however,

Yam 3I after formlng a loop in wale II passes upbetween wales and II in the front of the fabric until row 25 is reached where it passes behind the loops in wales II, I2 and I3, after which it extends down the front of the fabric until row 22 is reached where it forms a loop in wale I3 but not in wale I2. Yarn 30 after forming a loop in wale ll follows yarn 3! to row 25 where it also passes behind the loops in wales II, I2 and I3, and thereafter returns to row 22 where it forms a loop in wale I3 but not in wale I2. Yam 32 similarly passes behind the same loops in row 25 and. subsequently forms a loop in wale I3 but not wale I2. In order to prevent any dangling loops in this opening C because of the path followed by yarns 30, 3! and 32, it will be noted that yarn 33 (the first yarn below yarn 3I) forms a loop in wale l2 as well as adjacent wales and since the next yarn forming a loop in wale I.2 is yarn 34, it follows that the loops of yarns 33 and. 34 in wale |2 will be longer than usual, the one formed by yam 33 being the longer. The opening C is therefore divided into two parts by the loop of yarn 33.

It will be apparent that only one of the openings A, B, or C may be used in one fabric in a. desired arrangement throughout the fabric or they may appear in various combinations.

Fig. 2 represents a variation of Fig. 1 in which, at a pattern point, only one yarn fails to act as a connector between wales and passes over or under subsequently formed loops whle failing itself to form loops in one or more wales, but the arrangement is such that no opening appears in the fabric at the pattern point as in Fig. 1.

Yarn 56 after forming a loop in wale 40 passes under the top of the loop in row 60 and then appears in the front of the fabric running parallel to wale 40 on top of the connectors until it reaches row 64 where it passes to the rear of the fabric behind loops in wales 40 to 43 nclusive and then appears in front of the connectors between wales 43 and 44 until it reaches row 6I where it forms a. loop in wale 43 andsubsequent wales. The two vertical sections of yarn 56 at the described point therefore give the pattern effect. No opening of unusual size appears in the fabric because yarns 51, 58, and 59 in adjacent rows form loops in the specified wales to cover up the failure of yarn 56 to form loops in wales 4! and 42, This is accomplished by reason of the fact that cextain of these loops particularly from yarns 51 and 58 are slightly over-size. Yarn 56 subsequently forms an alternative type of pattern effect. This yarn 56 after forming a loop in wale 45 passes under the top of the loop in row 60 and then comng to the front of the fabric passes diagonally across wale 45 until 1t reaches row 64 where it goes under the loop in wale 46. Yarn 56 then appears on the front of the fabric and passes diagonally across wale 41 until it reaches row 6I where it forms a row in wale 41 and. subsequent wales. The pattern efiect at this point in the fabric is the two diagonal parts of yarn 56 which prominently appear in front of the regularly formed loops.

Another variation in the pattern effect is also produced by yarn 56 when after forming a loop in wale 49 it does not pass upwards over the connectrs between wales 48 and 49 (as at wale 40) but appears in the front of the fabric to the, right of wale 49 and continues substantially parallel to wale 49 until row 65 is reached where t passes behind the loops in wales 49 and 50; thence to the front of the fabric continuing downwards parallel to wale 50 until it reaches row 6l where it forms a loop in wale 50 and subsequent wales. The pattern effect at this point consists of the two vertical portions of yarn 56 closely adjacent each other. In this last described pattern effect it is permissible to have yam 56 to be on the right side of wale 49 since there is no opening between wales 49 and 50 similar to opening B which would be given an unfinished appearance by its presence.

Stil] another pattern effect is due to yarn 58 which after forming a loop in wale 52 passes under the top of the loop in row 52, wale 6I, then appears in the front of the fabric and. passes over its own loop in wale 52 parallel to row 62 until it reaches wale 55 where it forms a loop in row 62. It should. be noted that yarn 58 also passes in front of its own loop in wale 55. This means that yarn 58 does not form loops in wales 53 and 54. The loops of yarns 56 and 51 in wales 53 and. 54 are larger than usual so as to make up the deficiency. Yam 58 at the described point therefore gives 9, pattern effect of a horizontal bar.

The various pattern efiects of Fig. 2 ma.y be used in any desired combination to produce what may be termed a.n embroidery eiect.

Fig. 3 shows several adaptions of this invention as appled to abric of the interlock type as disclosed in my U. S. Patent No. 1,426,576 issued August 22, '1922. As lllustrating this interlock feature, yarn I0l forms loops in wales 1! to 18 whle yarn I00 does not form loops in wales 1! to 13 but lies behind the fabric, being interlocked in alternate wales 1I and 13. After wale 13, yarn I00 passes to the front of the fabric and forms loops in wales 14, etc. in row 94. Yarn I02 forms loops in wales H te 13 but beginning with wale 14 it passes behind the fabric where it is interlocked in alternate wales, such as wales 15, 11, and 19. Beginning with wale 80, yarn I02 again appcars in the front of the fabric in the form of loops.

The pattern effect in accordance with this invention is produced by yarn I03 whch lies behind thefabric in wales 1I to 13 being interlocked in wales 1l and 13. After the interlock of yarn I03 in wale 13, the yarn I03 passes to the front of the fabric where t extends upwardly along the connectors between the wales 13 and 14 until it reaches row 95 where it passes behind the loops in wales 14 and 15 and then extends downwardly in front of the connectors between wales 15 and 16 until it reaches row 9I where it forms loop in wale 16 and subsequent wales. The previous loops in row 9! and wales 1| to 15 were formed from yarn I04. Between wales 15 and 16 the yarn I04 passes behind the fabric and is interlocked in wales 11 and 19. It will be apparent that the pattern effect at the above describecl point is due to the two vertical portions of yarn I03 appearing in the front of the fabric.

The next pattern effect is also due to yarn I03 which after forming a loop in wale 19 and. being caught in a loop in row 90 comes to the front-of the fabric and proceeds on top the connectors between wales 19 and 80 until it reaches row 95 where it passes behind a loop in wale 80, and then appearing again in the front of the fabric, runs parallel to wale 80 between wales 80 and 8l.until it reaches row 90 where it returns to the rear of the fabrc to be interlocked between loop in row 90 and row 9I wale 8l, passing entirely behind wale 82 and. being interlocked agan in wale 82.

in wa1e8ll but the loop i'or that wale in mw S9 is made by yarml04 whioh is an interlocked yarn in the precedizg wales 11 and IS. Yam I" also forms the regular loops in wale I and suhsethrough the top of loop in row 90, thenee to the front of the iabric to run along the connectors unt il ii; reaches row 92 where it passes behlnd the loops in wales Il and 85. Yarn Hl3 then appears on the front of the i'abrlc and torms a loop in row 9| wale 85, after which lt passes to the rear of the fabrlc where it is interlocked in alternate wales such as in wale l'l. 3'I'he absence of a oonnectorbetween the loops. of yarn "3 in wales 84 and 85 forms en opening in the abric as at the point A in Fig. 1. The loops in row 91, wales 86 and 81 are lormed by yarn IM whioh formed the loops in the sald row betere the two loops of yarn Ili3 were iormed in the said row. I'his last described pattern effect may of course appear at various parts of the iabrlc in any desired combination with the other forms of the invention.

Yarns 12 and "13 are shown to be larzer in size than the remaining yarns of Fig. 3. This diiference in size is not essential bul: aids in bringing out the pattem. 'Ihe yarns 102 and II!3 flgures these three flgures may represent merely.

different portions of the same fabrlc.

While certain iormso! this invention have been illustrated' in the drawing, it is to be understood that the inventlon may have other embodiments as deflned by the appended claims.

What is claimed is: 1. A knitted fabriocompfislng a pluralityof yarns knitted lnto loops in a plurallty rows and wales, sai l iabrlc comprislng a van which alter being incorporated in a oertain row of the i'abric 101 a plurallty of wales appears in the front 01 the fabric and extends in a. substantially straight path aoross the front of a. plurality of sald loops etter which said one yarn is incorporated again in the said oertain row of the ifabrlc for a plurallty of wales, sald fabric in the regionsurrounding and lnoludlng thepor-. tlon over whlch said om van passes in lts substantially straight path oomprising closely knit ted loops which are substantially uniformly distributed, said one yarn in its said straight path notmally contacting wlth all of the loop. P rtlons over whloh sald one yarn passes.

2. A knltted fabrlc in acoordance wlth claim 1 in which sald one yarn has a characterlstic substantially diierent irom that of the majorlty of the other yams of said tabric.

3. A knltted fabrio in aooordance with claim 1 in which said one yarn in lts substantiallv ing front loops in sald certain row on both si des 0! said substantially straight path portlon.

4. A knitted fabric comprising in one portion yarn of one color i'ormed lnto loops in a. plurality ot rows and wales and yam of a. second color tor a. certain part of lts path interlooked in the rear of the tabrlc in alternate wales while being carried entrly behlnd the fabrlc in the intervenlng 'wales, said portlon having an eyelet, hole formed therein by dsplacement of a yarn connector between two adjaeent wales,

certain 01' the loops forming the outline for said eyelet comprising said first yarn, and certain other of the said last mentoned loops comprising sald second color ya.rn which lies in the rear of the fabrlc in a wale adjaoent a wale deilningsald.

eyelet.

5. A knitted :fabrlc m accordance vlrith claim 4 in which tour loops form the outline for said,

eyelet, two of sald loops being of said one color yam and the other two loops loeing of said sec- 45 ond color yarn.

VINCENT LOMBARDI. 

